FROGFISH

The fish family antennariidae, is a distinct group of predatory fishes, with 12 genera, at least 41 species and one very special feature – their modified dorsal spine which acts as a lure for unwary prey.

Mostly referred to as frogfish, 'anglerfish' would be a more accurate description of the way these creatures live, act and feed. Frogfish vary in size from five to 40 centimetres. They have loose prickly skin, limb-like pectoral fins that look like fingers and toes and an elbow-like joint. Their first dorsal spine has adapted into a movable fishing rod – the illicium – and is tipped with a lure – esca. They tend to dwell on or close to the sea floor and appear to prefer an environment that has rocks, coral reefs, seagrass or anything that affords them some sort of camouflage and a passing array of suitable food. When something appetising passes by, they wiggle their rod and lure in the water column and then if they prey approaches they can extend their jaws in an ultra-fast yawning motion, sucking it in without ever being seen.

Frogfish have taken the art of camouflage to the max. Spotting a jet black froggy on a black coral tree or a pure white one nestled on a pure white sponge can be a challenge. Some species use their hairy status to wander a sandy seabed and look like nothing more than a bit of flotsam or fuzzy coconut husk. Some juveniles are even known to mimic colourful nudibranchs as nasty tasting nudis are rarely preyed upon by other creatures.